Date
Founded
|
Seat
|
Society Name
|
|
1323
|
France
Toulouse
|
Compagnie du Gai Sçavoir
[The oldest academy in Europe.
Now called
Académie des Jeux Floraux = Academy of Floral Games]
[
Brief Webpage]
|
|
1430
|
Italy
Treia
|
Accademia dei Sollevati
[According to an
historical page on Treia,
this Academy was founded in 1430 by Bartolomeo Vignati as the
Accademia dei Sollevati and was devoted to poetry and literature.
It was reconstituted in 1778 as the
Accademia Georgica (Agricultural Academy), with
a broader scope, but with a shift in emphasis to agriculture.
Their findings were evidently published in the
Giornale di Arti e Commercio.
Perhaps
Giornale delle Arti e del Commercio (1780-1781, v.1-v.3)
is intended here;
see Harvard
Univ. cat. and
GBV
German Union cat..
Other than that, the only serial publication of theirs appears to be
an Atti for an 1896 session (published 1897); see
SBN Italian Union cat.]
Website
|
|
1443
|
Italy
Naples
|
Porticus Antonianus
[The Academy is now known as the Accademia Pontaniana.
It has had a variety of names in the past, including
Porticus Antonianus, and
Società Pontaniana di Napoli.]
Website
|
|
1460
|
Italy
Rome
|
Accademia Pomponiana = Accademia Romana = Accademia di Roma
[This Academy was created in 1460 around the humanist
Giulio Pomponio Leto (1425 or 1427 - 1498),
and was devoted to classical Roman culture.
It was suppressed in 1468, but later revived.
The Academy was dissolved in 1527 with the sack of Rome.
More information in
Paolo Marsi da Pescina : contributo alla storia dell'Accademia
Pomponiana by Arnaldo DellaTorre (1903)
(
GBV German Union cat.) and
Univ. Calif. cat.
Brief information.]
|
|
1462
|
Italy
Florence
|
Accademia Platonica
(Platonic Academy)
[The Academy was founded in 1462 (or 1459) by Marsilio Ficino, primarily
to study
the works of Plato and his followers.
It was also interested in scientific texts from antiquity.
The Academy was dissolved in 1522.]
|
|
1464
|
France
Bourges
|
Académie Berrichonne
[This Academy was founded in 1464 by King Louis XI of France and Pope Paul
II.]
[No website found, as of 2007, July 29.]
|
|
1477
|
Italy
Spoleto
|
Accademia degli Ottusi
(Academy of the Blunt Ones)
[Later known as the
Accademia Spoletina degli Ottusi; now known simply as the
Accademia Spoletina.]
[No website found, as of 2007, July 29.]
|
|
1480
|
Italy
Viterbo
|
Accademia delle Scienze e delle Arti degli Ardenti di Viterbo
(Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Enthusiasts of Viterbo)
[We have not yet been able to establish that the Academy ever published a
journal, as of 20010513.]
[No website found, as of 2007, July 29.]
|
|
1494
|
Italy
Venezia
|
Neakademia = Accademia Aldina
(New Academy = Aldina Academy)
[This Academy was created in Venezia in 1494 for the propagation of
Greek scholarship, and was directed by the celebrated humanist and printer
Aldo Manuzio (Aldus Manutius).
It evidently ceased in 1515.
Brief information.]
|
|
1505
|
Scotland
Edinburgh
|
Barber Surgeons of Edinburgh
[Now known as: Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSE).]
Website.
|
|
1511
|
Italy
Cosenza
|
Accademia Parrasiana
[The Academy was founded in 1511 as the Accademia Parrasiana, and
has had a number of other names over time, including:
Accademia Telesiana,
Accademia Cosentina, and
Accademia dei Pescatori Cratilidi.
It is now known as the Accademia Cosentina.]
[No website found, as of 2007, July 29.]
|
|
1518
|
England
London
|
Royal College of Physicians (RCP)
[Also known as: Royal College of Physicians of London.]
Website.
|
|
1525
|
Italy
Siena
|
Accademia degli Intronati
(Academy of the Dazed Ones)
[Also known for part of its existence as
Accademia intronata and
Reale Accademia Senese degli Intronati.
Now called Accademia Senese degli Intronati.
More information in
L'Accademia degli intronati di Siena e una sua commedia by Lolita
Petracchi Costantin (pub. 1928)
(
Harvard Univ. cat.).]
[
Brief Webpage]
[No website found, as of 2004, July 9.]
|
|
1532
|
Scotland
Edinburgh
|
Faculty of Advocates
Website
|
|
1540
|
Italy
Florence
|
Accademia degli Umidi
[The Academy was founded in 1540 around the Florentine Giovanni Mazzuoli
da Strada, with the goal of defending the usage of the Florentine
language.
In 1541 it took the name
Accademia Fiorentina o Società di Eloquenza; it is often
referred to simply as the Accademia Fiorentina.
In 1783, by order of the granduca Pietro Leopoldo di Lorena, the Academy
was merged with the Accademia degli Apatisti (founded 1631) and the
Accademia della Crusca (founded 1583) to become the
Accademia Fiorentina Seconda, which in 1808 became the Accademia
Fiorentina Terza.
This latter Academy ceased to exist in 1811, at which time the
Accademia della Crusca reconstituted itself.]
Brief Webpage.
|
England
London
|
Company of Barber-Surgeons
[Founded in 1540 by Henry VIII as the Company of Barber-Surgeons.
In 1745, the surgeons broke away from the barbers to form a separate
Company of Surgeons.
In 1800 it became the Royal College of Surgeons in London.
At a later date, the name was changed to Royal College of Surgeons of
England.]
RCSE Website.
|
|
1541
|
Ireland
Dublin
|
Honorable Society of King's Inns
[Professional society for Irish lawyers.]
Website.
|
|
1555
|
Italy
Vicenza
|
Accademia degli Olimpici
(Academy of the Olympians)
[The Academy was founded in 1555 as the
Accademia degli Olimpici.
At some later times, it seems to have taken the names
Accademia Olimpica di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, and
Accademia Olimpica d'Agricoltura, Scienze, Lettere ed Arti,
Vicenza.
It is now known as the
Accademia Olimpica.]
Website
|
|
1560
|
Italy
Naples
|
Accademia dei Segreti
(Academia Secretorum Naturae = Academy of Secrets of Nature)
[Founded by Giambattista della Porta, this was evidently the first
scientific academy.
It was closed in 1580 due to opposition from ecclesiastical
authorities.]
|
|
1562
|
Italy
Mantova
|
Accademia degli Invaghiti
(Academy of the Infatuated Ones)
[According to
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, p.363, this Academy was founded as the
Accademia degli Invaghiti (Academy of the Infatuated Ones)
in November, 1562 by Giulio Cesare Gonzaga.
According to
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, pp.375, the Invaghiti were composed
almost
entirely of nobility, and in the early 1600s another Accademia was
established in Mantova from the middle class:
the Accademia degli Invitti (the Academy of the Invincible Ones).
On 1645, April 18, the latter proposed to change to the less
vainglorious name of Accademia dei Timidi (the Academy of the
Bashful Ones), and this was done on 1648, March 12
(
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, pp.376).
According to
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, pp.365, in 1738 a planned restoration of
the
Accademia degli Invaghiti failed, and a portion of its members
joined the Accademia dei Timidi;
in 1752, the remaining members of the Accademia degli Invaghiti
joined the Colonia Arcadica Virgiliana, which had been founded
that year
(
Maylender (1926-1930), v.5, pp.475).
In 1767, plans were finalized to create a new Academy incorporating
members from both the Accademia dei Timidi and the
Colonia Arcadica Virgiliana
(Maylender
(1926-1930), v.5, pp.470-471).
The new Academy was called
Reale Accademia di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti =
Reale Accademia di Scienze e Belle Lettere di Mantova and
evidently began operation in 1768.]
|
|
1582 |
Spain
Madrid
|
Academia de Matemáticas de Madrid
(Academy of Mathematics of Madrid)
[There is a reference to this Academy in the
History Page of the Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas,
Físicas y Naturales, giving a founding date of 1582.
On p.116 of
The Timetables of Science (1988), however, the name is given as
Academia de Ciencias Matematicas, with a founding date of
1575.
The Univ. Calif. cat. lists a 1995
reprint ed. of a 1584 publication in Madrid by Juan de Herrera
(ca. 1530-1597)
entitled Institución de la Academia Real Mathematica.
According to
an article in n.39 of Revista de la UPM,
the Academy ceased to exist in 1625, and its resources became the property
of the newly created Reales Estudios del Colegio Imperial de
Madrid.]
|
|
1583 |
Italy
Florence
|
Accademia della Crusca (AC)
(Academy of Bran)
Website
|
|
1584 |
Italy
Lucca
|
Accademia Lucchese di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti
(Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts of Lucca)
[The Academy was founded in 1584 as the Accademia degli Oscuri.
Since that time it has had other names, including:
(1) Accademia Napoleone;
(2) Reale Accademia Lucchese di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti;
(3) I. e R. Accademia Lucchese di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti;
(4) Imperiale e Reale Accademia Lucchese ; and
(5) Accademia Lucchese di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti (its current
name).]
[No website found, as of 2007, July 29.]
|
|
1585 |
Italy
Rome
|
Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia
(National Academy of Saint Cecilia)
Website
|
|
1588 |
Italy
Bologna
|
Accademia dei Gelati di Bologna
(Academy of the Frozen Ones of Bologna)
[The Accademia was founded in 1588 and lasted until the end of the
18th century.]
|
|
1589
|
Spain
Madrid
|
Real Academia de Farmacia
(Royal Academy of Pharmacy)
[Founded in 1589 as
Congregación y Colegio de Boticarios del Sr. San Lucas y Nuestra
Sra. de la Purificación.]
[Some additional historical information is given at the
history pages of the
Colegio Oficial de Farmacéuticos de Madrid.]
Website.
|
|
1594
|
Scotland
Edinburgh
|
Society of Writers to Her Majesty's Signet
Website
|
|
1597 |
Italy
Volterra
|
Accademia dei Sepolti
(Academy of the Buried Ones [or Immersed Ones])
[No website found, as of 2007, July 29.]
|
|
1599 |
Italy
Padova
|
Accademia dei Ricovrati
(Academy of the Sheltered Ones)
[In 1779, the Accademia dei Ricovrati merged with the
Accademia di Arte Agraria (founded 1769), to form the
Accademia di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti di Padova.]
|
Scotland
Glasgow
|
Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Website.
|
