Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät

Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät =
Livonian Public Welfare and Economic Society

Founding of the Society

Year Authority / Notes

1792 According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.21, the Society was founded in Riga on 1792, October 18. But the Society did not have its first meeting until 1796, January 10 (Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.26).
According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.40, the Society moved from Riga to Dorpat [now known as Tartu, Estonia] in 1813.
Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.145 indicates that in 1918, as a result of the partition of Livonia into the independent states of Estonia and Latvia, the Society lost the support of the Latvian settled part of Livonia, namely the southern part of Livonia.
Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.136 indicates that, with the resettlement of the German Baltic people into Germany in 1939, the Society was dissolved after 147 years of activity.
It should be noted that this Society had counterparts in two other contemporary Baltic states, the Kurländische Ökonomische Gesellschaft (founded 1836) and the Estländischer Landwirtschaftlicher Verein (founded 1839). [See Hackmann, Jörg. Voluntary associations and region building. A post-national perspective on Baltic history. (Center for European Studies Working Paper Series 105).]

Geographical Remarks on the Baltic States of Livonia, Estonia and Courland:
These Baltic states underwent considerable change in the past. We are primarily interested here in the geography of this area from 1792 to World War II. The information below is largely drawn from the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
In 1721 Sweden ceded Livonia, all Estonian lands and part of Courland to Russia. In 1795 Russia acquired the rest of Courland.
Livonia, also known as Livland (German), Liefland (German), and Liflandia (Russian):
This area was comprised of the northern part of present-day Latvia and the southern part of the Estonian lands. After nearly two centuries of Russian rule, the geographical area known as Livonia was split around 1918 into two pieces which contributed to the formation of the independent states of Latvia and Estonia. In 1940, Latvia and Estonia were incorporated in to the USSR. In 1991, Latvia and Estonia became independent states.
Estonia, also known as Estland (German):
Prior to 1918, the term "Estland" applied, strictly speaking, only to the Estonian lands that were not a part of Livonia. In 1918, after nearly two centuries of Russian rule, Estonia was established as an independent state. Estonia fell under German rule for a few months in 1918. By early 1919, Estonia became independent. In 1940, Estonia was forced to join the Soviet Union. In 1991, Estonia became an independent state.
Courland, also known as Kurland (German), Kurzeme (Latvian):
This area was comprised of part of present-day Latvia. Throughout much of the 18th century, Courland was under Russian influence to some degree or other. In 1795 it was incorporated into the Russian Enpire. With the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1918, Courland became part of the newly created state of Latvia. In 1940, Latvia was incorporated in to the USSR. In 1991, Latvia became an independent state.

Seat of the Society

City Authority / Notes

Riga, then Dorpat
Livonia According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.21, the Society was founded in Riga on 1792, October 18. According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.40, the Society moved from Riga to Dorpat [now known as Tartu, Estonia] in 1813.

Name of the Society

Dates Name Authority

1796 Livländische Gemeinnützige und Oekonomische Societät Its publications.

1802 - 1808 Liefländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät Its publications.

1863 - 1915 Kaiserliche, Livländische, Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät in Dorpat Its publications.

1868 - 1894 Kaiserliche Livländische Gemeinnützige und Oekonomische Societät Its publications.

1885 - 1912 Kaiserliche Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät Its publications.

1936 - 1939 Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät Its publications.

Journals of the Society

Years Full Journal Title Abbrev. Indexed
1796

A Verhandlungen der Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Oekonomischen Societät
[GBV German Union cat.]

1802 - 1808[?]
(1. - 5.)

B Abhandlungen der Liefländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Societät : hauptsächlich d. Landwirtschaft in Liefland betreffend
Records in the GBV German Union cat. make it clear that Bd.1 = 1802, Bd.2, St.1 = 1802, Bd.2, St.2 = 1803, Bd.3 = 1805, Bd.4 = 1804, & Bd.5 = 1808.
[GBV German Union cat.] Abhandl. der Liefländischen Oekon. Soc.
[Reuss, v.3, p.12 cites Th.2; v.6, p.75 cites Th.1, Th.2, B.2 (St.2), & B.3; v.7, p.20 cites B.3.] Reuss

1808 - 1811

C Oekonomisches Repertorium für Liefland
Cited on p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) as a publication of the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät.
[not in GBV German Union cat.]

1812 - 1822/25
(1. - 9.)

D Neueres ökonomisches Repertorium für Livland
Cited on p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) as a publication of the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät; they give the title as Neues oekonomisches Repertorium für Liefland. The GBV German Union cat. gives the title as Neueres ökonomisches Repertorium für Livland.
Continued by E.
[GBV German Union cat.]

1825/1826 - 1834/1836[?]
(1. - 10.);
1837 - 1863[?]
(N.R. 1. - 16.)

E Livländische Jahrbücher der Landwirthschaft
Cited on p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) as a publication of the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät; they give the title for 1826 - 1837 as Jahrbücher der Landwirtschaft, and the title for 1838 - 1864 as Liefländische Jahrbücher der Landwirtschaft.
Continues D.
[GBV German Union cat.]

1863, Febr. - 1915,40
(1. - 53.,40)

F Baltische Wochenschrift für Landwirtschaft, Gewerbefleiss und Handel : Organ d. Estländischen Landwirtschaftlichen Vereins u. d. Kurländischen Ökonomischen Gesellschaft / hrsg. von d. Kaiserlichen, Livländischen, Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät in Dorpat
According to the record in the GBV German Union cat., at times the title was Baltische Wochenschrift für Landwirtschaft Gewerbe und Handel.
According to p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät; assumed the editorship of this journal in 1865, two years after it started.
[GBV German Union cat.]

1868 - 1894[?]
(Nr. 1. - 14.)

G Mittheilungen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Oekonomischen Societät
The record in the GBV German Union cat. gives the author name as: Kaiserlich-Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät
. [GBV German Union cat.]

1885 - 1900
[i.e. pub. 1886 - 1902]

H Bericht über die Ergebnisse der Beobachtungen an den Regenstationen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät
The record in the GBV German Union cat. gives the author name as: Kaiserlich-Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät.
[GBV German Union cat.]

1898/1899 - 1906
[i.e. pub. 1899 - 1907]

I Bericht über die Verhandlungen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Oekonomischen Sozietät : in den Jahren
The record in the GBV German Union cat. gives the author name as Kaiserlich-Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät.
Continued by J.
[GBV German Union cat.]

1907=1906/07(1908); 1908(1909) - 1911(1912)[?]

J Bericht der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät und des Livländischen Bureau für Landeskultur : nebst Versuchsstation
Continues I.
For 1908(1909) - 1910(1911) the title was Bericht der Verhandlungen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät und des Liv-Estländischen Bureau für Landeskultur.
[GBV German Union cat.]

1936 - 1939
(1. - 6.)

K Abhandlungen des Instituts für Wissenschaftliche Heimatforschung an der Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät
The record in the GBV German Union cat. indicates that 1=11; 5=12 of the Sitzungsberichte der Altertumforschenden Gesellschaft zu Pernau.
[GBV German Union cat.]

Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät = Livonian Public Welfare and Economic Society
Founding of the Society
Year	Authority / Notes
1792	According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.21, the Society was founded in Riga on 1792, October 18. But the Society did not have its first meeting until 1796, January 10 (Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.26). According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.40, the Society moved from Riga to Dorpat [now known as Tartu, Estonia] in 1813. Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.145 indicates that in 1918, as a result of the partition of Livonia into the independent states of Estonia and Latvia, the Society lost the support of the Latvian settled part of Livonia, namely the southern part of Livonia. Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.136 indicates that, with the resettlement of the German Baltic people into Germany in 1939, the Society was dissolved after 147 years of activity. It should be noted that this Society had counterparts in two other contemporary Baltic states, the Kurländische Ökonomische Gesellschaft (founded 1836) and the Estländischer Landwirtschaftlicher Verein (founded 1839). [See Hackmann, Jörg. Voluntary associations and region building. A post-national perspective on Baltic history. (Center for European Studies Working Paper Series 105).] Geographical Remarks on the Baltic States of Livonia, Estonia and Courland: These Baltic states underwent considerable change in the past. We are primarily interested here in the geography of this area from 1792 to World War II. The information below is largely drawn from the *Encyclopaedia Britannica. In 1721 Sweden ceded Livonia, all Estonian lands and part of Courland to Russia. In 1795 Russia acquired the rest of Courland. Livonia, also known as Livland* (German), Liefland (German), and Liflandia (Russian): This area was comprised of the northern part of present-day Latvia and the southern part of the Estonian lands. After nearly two centuries of Russian rule, the geographical area known as Livonia was split around 1918 into two pieces which contributed to the formation of the independent states of Latvia and Estonia. In 1940, Latvia and Estonia were incorporated in to the USSR. In 1991, Latvia and Estonia became independent states. Estonia, also known as Estland (German): Prior to 1918, the term "Estland" applied, strictly speaking, only to the Estonian lands that were not a part of Livonia. In 1918, after nearly two centuries of Russian rule, Estonia was established as an independent state. Estonia fell under German rule for a few months in 1918. By early 1919, Estonia became independent. In 1940, Estonia was forced to join the Soviet Union. In 1991, Estonia became an independent state. Courland, also known as Kurland (German), Kurzeme (Latvian): This area was comprised of part of present-day Latvia. Throughout much of the 18th century, Courland was under Russian influence to some degree or other. In 1795 it was incorporated into the Russian Enpire. With the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1918, Courland became part of the newly created state of Latvia. In 1940, Latvia was incorporated in to the USSR. In 1991, Latvia became an independent state.
Seat of the Society
City	Authority / Notes
Riga, then Dorpat Livonia	According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.21, the Society was founded in Riga on 1792, October 18. According to Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983), p.40, the Society moved from Riga to Dorpat [now known as Tartu, Estonia] in 1813.
Name of the Society
Dates	Name	Authority
1796	*Livländische Gemeinnützige und Oekonomische Societät*	Its publications.
1802 - 1808	*Liefländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät*	Its publications.
1863 - 1915	*Kaiserliche, Livländische, Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät in Dorpat*	Its publications.
1868 - 1894	*Kaiserliche Livländische Gemeinnützige und Oekonomische Societät*	Its publications.
1885 - 1912	*Kaiserliche Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät*	Its publications.
1936 - 1939	*Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät*	Its publications.

Journals of the Society
Years	Full Journal Title	Abbrev.	Indexed
1796 A	*Verhandlungen der Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Oekonomischen Societät* [GBV German Union cat.]
1802 - 1808[?] (1. - 5.) B	*Abhandlungen der Liefländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Societät : hauptsächlich d. Landwirtschaft in Liefland betreffend* Records in the GBV German Union cat. make it clear that Bd.1 = 1802, Bd.2, St.1 = 1802, Bd.2, St.2 = 1803, Bd.3 = 1805, Bd.4 = 1804, & Bd.5 = 1808. [GBV German Union cat.]	*Abhandl. der Liefländischen Oekon. Soc.* [Reuss, v.3, p.12 cites Th.2; v.6, p.75 cites Th.1, Th.2, B.2 (St.2), & B.3; v.7, p.20 cites B.3.]	*Reuss*
1808 - 1811 C	*Oekonomisches Repertorium für Liefland* Cited on p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) as a publication of the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät. [not in GBV German Union cat.]
1812 - 1822/25 (1. - 9.) D	*Neueres ökonomisches Repertorium für Livland* Cited on p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) as a publication of the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät; they give the title as *Neues oekonomisches Repertorium für Liefland. The GBV German Union cat. gives the title as Neueres ökonomisches Repertorium für Livland*. Continued by E. [GBV German Union cat.]
1825/1826 - 1834/1836[?] (1. - 10.); 1837 - 1863[?] (N.R. 1. - 16.) E	*Livländische Jahrbücher der Landwirthschaft* Cited on p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) as a publication of the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät; they give the title for 1826 - 1837 as *Jahrbücher der Landwirtschaft, and the title for 1838 - 1864 as Liefländische Jahrbücher der Landwirtschaft*. Continues D. [GBV German Union cat.]
1863, Febr. - 1915,40 (1. - 53.,40) F	Baltische Wochenschrift für Landwirtschaft, Gewerbefleiss und Handel : Organ d. Estländischen Landwirtschaftlichen Vereins u. d. Kurländischen Ökonomischen Gesellschaft / hrsg. von d. Kaiserlichen, Livländischen, Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät in Dorpat According to the record in the GBV German Union cat., at times the title was *Baltische Wochenschrift für Landwirtschaft Gewerbe und Handel. According to p.193 of Engelhardt & Neuschäffer (1983) the Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Sozietät*; assumed the editorship of this journal in 1865, two years after it started. [GBV German Union cat.]
1868 - 1894[?] (Nr. 1. - 14.) G	*Mittheilungen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Oekonomischen Societät* The record in the GBV German Union cat. gives the author name as: Kaiserlich-Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät . [GBV German Union cat.]
1885 - 1900 [i.e. pub. 1886 - 1902] H	*Bericht über die Ergebnisse der Beobachtungen an den Regenstationen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät* The record in the GBV German Union cat. gives the author name as: Kaiserlich-Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät. [GBV German Union cat.]
1898/1899 - 1906 [i.e. pub. 1899 - 1907] I	*Bericht über die Verhandlungen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Oekonomischen Sozietät : in den Jahren* The record in the GBV German Union cat. gives the author name as Kaiserlich-Livländische Gemeinnützige und Ökonomische Societät. Continued by J. [GBV German Union cat.]
1907=1906/07(1908); 1908(1909) - 1911(1912)[?] J	*Bericht der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät und des Livländischen Bureau für Landeskultur : nebst Versuchsstation* Continues I. For 1908(1909) - 1910(1911) the title was *Bericht der Verhandlungen der Kaiserlichen Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät und des Liv-Estländischen Bureau für Landeskultur*. [GBV German Union cat.]
1936 - 1939 (1. - 6.) K	*Abhandlungen des Instituts für Wissenschaftliche Heimatforschung an der Livländischen Gemeinnützigen und Ökonomischen Sozietät* The record in the GBV German Union cat. indicates that 1=11; 5=12 of the *Sitzungsberichte der Altertumforschenden Gesellschaft zu Pernau*. [GBV German Union cat.]